Association between bleeding and mortality among women and men with high-risk acute coronary syndromes: Insights from the Early versus Delayed, Provisional Eptifibatide in Acute Coronary Syndromes (EARLY ACS) trial - 04/10/13
, Jean-François Tanguay, MD b, L. Kristin Newby, MD, MHS c, Judith S. Hochman, MD d, Cynthia M. Westerhout, PhD a, Robert M. Califf, MD c, Pierluigi Tricoci, MD, PhD, MHS c, C. Michael Gibson, MD e, Robert P. Giugliano, MD, MS f, Robert A. Harrington, MD g, Frans Van de Werf, MD, PhD h, Paul W. Armstrong, MD aRiassunto |
Background |
Female sex is an established risk factor for bleeding, which is an important safety end point in patients presenting with non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE ACS). However, it is unknown whether the association between bleeding and mortality is modulated by sex in this patient population.
Methods |
We examined the interaction between sex and bleeding and 30-day mortality outcomes among 2,975 women and 6,431 men with high-risk NSTE ACS enrolled in the EARLY ACS trial. The Global Utilization of Strategies to Open Occluded Arteries (GUSTO) criteria were used to identify moderate or severe bleeds.
Results |
Women were older and had more comorbid disease compared with men. Bleeding rates were higher among women (8.2%) than among men (5.5%; P < .01). However, the association of bleeding and 30-day mortality was stronger among men (odds ratio 5.8, 95% CI 3.9-8.8) than among women (odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 0.8-2.9; sex * bleeding interaction P < .01). Sex differences in the association of bleeding and mortality persisted in a landmark analysis of 120-hour survivors.
Conclusions |
In a contemporary high-risk NSTE ACS cohort, women had higher bleeding rates than did men. Paradoxically, the association between bleeding and mortality was worse among men than among women.
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| James A. de Lemos, MD, served as guest editor for this article. |
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| Clinical trial registration information: clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00089895. |
Vol 166 - N° 4
P. 723-728 - ottobre 2013 Ritorno al numero
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